Representation of Photos in the Media

Representation of Photos in the Media Introduction to Media and Media Studies, Writing and the Media, Reading the Media Question 1 For the representation in the media, we can relate to radio, television, cinema, internet such as social media, news and so on. Through them, we receive different information and entertainment, mostly for young people who grew up in modern world and society. Media representation is how media portray particular groups, ideas or topics in the world to another perspective how we see it. Let me take Twitter, for an example. Twitter is social media that have over 1 billion users monthly and 313 million monthly active users. (Twitter usage/Company facts, 2016.) Twitter is one of the social media where people post their opinions about recent events, what is currently happening in their lives, who did something that was not impropriate or who is in a relationship with whom. Some of the companies or/and celebrities are trying to interact with their followers and fans. Those fans can see their inspirations the way they look like, their behavior and not experiencing it in reality. In the interpretation, OShaughnessy and Stadler (2016:35) says that à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦media first gives us information and only after the explanationsà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ On the way media are teaching people how to make a change in the world and how they see the world around them. Let me take travel blog as an example. For the last few years more and more people are traveling around the world taking photographs, learning about new cultures, new countries, mostly difference between people. Only after they write about it and that is how they teach other people. Personally, I think that is the best way to meet surroundings, to be filled with experience and knowledge. Figure 1: Lin, E. 2013. 7 TIPS TO TRAVEL SMART IN THE SUMMER Summer time is here! It is the perfect time for traveling and exploring the world. (The Lab, 2013) TAKE ANOTHER ONE When we talk about evolution media, they give us the information about some issues or just how to understand genders, religions, cultures or races. They want to teach us how to be normal, basically creating stereotypes and making people being judgmental, how we see the world and the way we are going to treat each other if they are not the same as we are (OShaughnessy Stadler, 2016). Perfect example is with the biggest YouTube star Felix Kjellberg or his channel name PewDiePie and biggest business journal, The Wall Street Journal. Felix is a web-based comedian and video producer whose job is to make people laugh. As PewDiePie/Felix says in the video à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦old school media doesnt like Internet personalities, because they are afraid of us. We have so much influence and such a large voice and they dont understand that (see My Response- PewDiePie, 2017). Even if he did an interview in 2013 with The Wall Street Journal they would only focus how much he earns as the tittle says YouTubes Biggest Draw Plays Games, Earns $4 million a Year (The Wall Street Journal, 2014.) Also the media would only acknowledge him for earning money by playing games as a hobby, spending money on cars and luxuries, but they do not show that he donates millions to charities. But because he was so successful in his career, he wanted to be funnier than usual.   In one of his YouTube videos he went just a bit far with paying two men that were holding a sign saying Death to all Jews after he apologized to everyone saying that he did not expect their response (see My Response PewDiePie, 2017). In the videos he made before, he would wear a uniform, taking Adolf Hitler as a reference to make people laugh, but the words Adolf Hitler was saying had Nazi messages. As The Wall Street Journal (2017:1) says Disney Servers Ties With YouTube Star PewDiePie After Anti-Semitic Posts. After that incident happened Disney canceled his show saying people Jewish religion were offended. PewDiePie automatically responded and apologized to his fans and people all over the world saying he didnt want to offend anyone and that his job is to make people laugh. Other you-tubers are standing with PewDiePie, even his friend whose religion is Jewish. Felix friend Ethan Hakmon or his channel name h3h3Productions, states that Disney and WSJ didnt ask people Jewish religion did they actually got offended or not, because he isnt. (see Is PewDiePie Racist h3h3Productions, 2017). Representation, interpretation and evaluation in media are creating the world as a single community because they are giving their opinions on certain topics. The problem is they have a huge influence on the world and people. People are becoming stereotypes and do not have their own opinion. Question 2 One of the roles in the media is to inform. Media inform us about our surroundings, we can easily find out what is happening in our country or on the other side of the world. For an example Haiti Earthquake in 2010. Oliver Laurent (2015) states On Jan 12, 2010, a devastating earthquake with a magnitude of 7.0 struck Haiti, killing more than 160,000 and displacing close to 1.5 million people. Five years later, the scars of the tragedy remain in Port-au-Prince,à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ We chose Haiti as information media because it was terrible for people whose families were on the island on that devastating and sad day. A lot of lives were lost and they are still battling with a lot of different sicknesses and people who are still trying to find them members of families. The second role of in the media is to educate. Media educate us about possible diseases, technology, undiscovered places and different cultures. As an example Elon Musk, who created SolarCity. Musk believes that in 20-30 years majority of the planet will use solar energy system. (see The mind behind Tesla, SpaceX, SolarCity à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¯Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ½Elon Musk TED talks, 2013). SolarCity creates roofs who are invisible but cells are exposed to the sun. A roof with hidden solar tiles that powers your home with clean, renewable energy (SolarCity, 2017). Basically, Elon Musk is teaching us how to save the environment around us and use it in a good way, but also how to save our money and time. The third role of the media is to entertain. It contains of film, television, radio and internet. They are providing us with a lot of different content wanting to people to have fun, relax with their family and friends or just socialize. The Walt Disney Company, for example. They are cartoon creation company, film company and music record label. They are also producing clothes and toys (About The Walt Disney Company, 2017). We chose The Walt Disney Company as an entertainment as an example because of their offers and there is something for people in every age. Question 3 Figure 2: Hutchings, M. 2015. Protest on the Ramp: South African Designer Isabelle Lotter Joins #FeesMustFall Movement. (Ramp1885.com, 2015) According to the BuzzFeedNews (2015) #Fees Must Fall Movement is student protest that began mid-October in 2015 and still going in South Africa. Universities wanted to raise costs by 10.5 percent. First protest was on the campus of the University of Witwatersrand and it was spread to other universities in the country. Figure 3: CityogJoburgZA, 2016. South Africa: Flash floods kill six people in Johannesburg. (Africanews.com., 2016) Africanews.com (2016) reports the storm was bad and it was raining a lot on 9th of November 2016. International airport O.R. Tambo was flooded, not only the airport but streets also. Water was everywhere and ended with disaster. People were dying and a lot of the infrastructure was ruined.    Figure 4: Independent.co.uk. 2016. Barack Obama tells Latin America: Dont assume the worst about Donald Trump (Independent.co.uk., 2016) On this picture we can see Barack Obama (right on the picture) who was United States President before Donald Trump (left on the picture) on November 10, 2016. where they discussed about foreign and domestic policy (US Weekly, 2016). The picture was taken after the election at the White House in Washington D.C. (US Weekly, 2016). Question 4 Our analysis of photograph that Sabelo Mlangeni was taking a series of photographs of people who African people are ignoring their existence. JRDIJKSTRA (2014) states in one of his articles that people are judged for things they do and for who they are. They are just trying to find themselves, it is not their fault that they were born in different bodies and different mind. But again, people are going to look at you and point fingers at you just because you do not look like they do. On the provided photographs we can see men who are wearing womans clothes and who represent their selves as women and women who are described as ghost.   JRDIJKSTRA (2014) is asking himself Why then do we hate these boys when they have grown up to be men who dress as women? Why do we turn and call them names, pretending that weve never seen it? The first thing that strikes us is their fashion. Because the way persons hair is done, the way they are dressed and the way they are proud who they are. You cannot really see that often with other people, but again, it is their fashion and this is how they feel and are. Also images are black and white which is unusual for 21 century. Central issue or concern would be how men are dressed in reality and the way they are not afraid to show who and what they are. Also, women on the street are like ghost what actually shows us how we do not realize what is happening around us and who is doing their job. Medium of the photographs are 10241024 and they are all black and white. They give us feeling how was in the past but in present. With his images he reflects on his countrys past, while at the same time looking forward into the future and how life has changed. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã… ¡History forms an important part of my work, he explains, à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã… ¡especially in my own country where its just two decades ago that Apartheid was abolished (JRDIJKSTRA, 2014). So many things changed through past in South Africa. We think he wants to show people that difference between race and LGBTI people is not that different. It affects everyone around us and there is no rights of free speech and them coming out as different is brave no matter what other people are saying. Mlangeni wants to show us they existed before, not just in newer era. Sabelo Mlangeni is not relevant in South Africa because LGBTI is not a big topic at the moment the way is in countries overseas. The problem is that our country focuses more on corruption and finance rather than LGBTI. Maybe that is the reason they get more judged here in South Africa or African continent than in Europe, US or Australia.  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚   Question 5 In South African movies such as District 9 and Tsotsi we can see a lot of crimes and how people are treating each other. Firstly, let me discuss about District 9. Xenophobia is one of the main problems in this movie. Xenophobia is a fear or dislike against people from other countries. (Dictonary.com, s.a.). Also in the movie they are referring to aliens as shrimps. I would say it is a racist thing to say. People from Johannesburg see aliens as people who steal all the time, they are uneducated or just doing illegal things. Tension of the crime is massive. The main character is Wikus van de Merwe, who is a very naive and he only thinks about himself, he also treats aliens like they are nothing. After he sprays a fluid in his face, he starts turning into one of them or into a shrimp. His father-in-law tries to convince his daughter to move on, because he does not like him that is why he even gave him a promotion in the company called MNU. Nigerian people were shown as War Lords because they were selling cat food to aliens as a scam, they would trade cat food for alien weapon. The problem was that the wea pon works only with alien identity, so the boss of Nigerians wanted to cut Wikus hand off. Muti is a term for a witch doctor that Nigerians believed in, they would kill aliens and eat their parts hoping they will get their powers to use their weapon. Another problem is that the media would show everything what is happening. At one point when the explosion happened, they said it was a terrorist attack, which was a lie. Also, when Wikus body started to change, people would see him on the news or hear on the radio and they would run away from him. Nobody wanted to listen to him and hear what he has to say, people only believed in mass media. At the end they were all judgmental to each other, because they were not the same (District 9, 2009). And Tsotsi (2005) is a movie about stealing from people, killing and running away from reality. One of the problems is how those people live. Their houses are not in proper conditions, there are a lot of diseases that can be spread around them. The second problem was that the main character did not know how to communicate without using his gun, he would have disrespectful behavior and he did not have mercy for anyone.   The third problem is that most of the children from the street are on the street because they dont have families or their families are just ruined. The main characters mom was sick and she died when he was little and his dad was alcoholic, so he basically did not have anyone to raise him on the way he can have an education or love. He would steal more and more from people who would look better looking, fights and killing others were the answer for everything. The only reason for changing his mind from all the crime was the baby from the car he stole. At the end he returns baby home after trying to take care of him, realizing it is very hard to take care of kids if you dont have money and safe area to live. Also, he took responsibilities for his actions. Question 6 6.1. Vodacom Summer 2015 Advert caption does not have anything with the provided link. However, advert that was on offer on provided link was a Blue Ribbon Bread (My Mom Is So Cool, 2015). The advert is way too long and it loses the whole point of the advert. We also decided to find Vodacom Summer 2015 Advert (Vodacom Summer 2015, 2015). From the begging we can see it that advert is about Vodacom. We think they tried to show their consumers and future consumers that they can stay in touch and stay connected no matter in which situation they are or where ever they are. 6.2. Chicken Licken Advert (Inner peace, 2015) tries to show us how their master is going to do everything and anything to get chicken pieces and just because he is eating their chicken he is so good in karate. 6.3. KFC (Emzini Wezinsizwa KFC South Africa advert, 2015) advert shows us that family or group of five can share one meal for a good price. The quality of the food is excellent because they would do anything for it. Also main characters in the advert according to the SABC1 (2017), were from the highly popular African sitcom Emzini Wezinsizwa. Bibliography/Reference list: Twitter usage/Company facts. 2017. Its whats happening, 30 June 2016. à ¯Ã‚ Ã¢â‚¬ ºOnlineà ¯Ã‚ Ã‚ . Available at: https://about.twitter.com/company à ¯Ã‚ Ã¢â‚¬ ºAccessed 03.03.2017à ¯Ã‚ Ã‚ . OShaughnessy, M. and Stadler, J. 2016. Media and society. 5th ed. South Melbourne, Victoria, Australia: Oxford University press. Lin, E. 2013. 7 tips to travel smart in the summer, The Lab!, 2 July 2013 à ¯Ã‚ Ã¢â‚¬ ºBlogà ¯Ã‚ Ã‚ . à ¯Ã‚ Ã¢â‚¬ ºOnlineà ¯Ã‚ Ã‚ . Available at: http://blog.kdanmobile.com/2013/07/02/7-tips-to-travel-smart-in-the-summer/ à ¯Ã‚ Ã¢â‚¬ ºAccessed 03.03.2017à ¯Ã‚ Ã‚ . OShaughnessy, M. and Stadler, J. 2016. Media and Society. 5th ed. South Melbourne, Victoria, Australia: Oxford University press. My Response PewDiePie. 2017. YouTube video, added by PewDiePie à ¯Ã‚ Ã¢â‚¬ ºOnlineà ¯Ã‚ Ã‚ . https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lwk1DogcPmU à ¯Ã‚ Ã¢â‚¬ ºAccessed 03.04.2017à ¯Ã‚ Ã‚ . My Response PewDiePie. 2017. YouTube video, added by PewDiePie à ¯Ã‚ Ã¢â‚¬ ºOnlineà ¯Ã‚ Ã‚ . https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lwk1DogcPmU à ¯Ã‚ Ã¢â‚¬ ºAccessed 03.04.2017à ¯Ã‚ Ã‚ . Grundberg, S. and Hansegards, J. 2014. Youtubes biggest draw plays games, earns 4$ million a year. Cussing, Comic Videogame Reviwer PewDiePIe has 27 Million Subscribers. The Wall Street Journal. 1. à ¯Ã‚ Ã¢â‚¬ ºOnlineà ¯Ã‚ Ã‚ . Available at: https://www.wsj.com/articles/youtube-star-plays-videogames-earns-4-million-a-year-1402939896 à ¯Ã‚ Ã¢â‚¬ ºAccessed: 04.03.2017à ¯Ã‚ Ã‚ . Winkler, R., Nicas, J. and Fritz, B. 2017. Disney Servers Ties With YouTube Star PewDiePie After Anti-Semitic Posts. Move came after the Journal asked about videos in which he included anti-Semitic jokes or Nazi imagery. The Wall Street Journal. 1. à ¯Ã‚ Ã¢â‚¬ ºOnlineà ¯Ã‚ Ã‚ . https://www.wsj.com/articles/disney-severs-ties-with-youtube-star-pewdiepie-after-anti-semitic-posts-1487034533 à ¯Ã‚ Ã¢â‚¬ ºAccessed 04.03.2017à ¯Ã‚ Ã‚ . Is PewDiePie Racist? h3h3Productions. 2017. YouTube video, added by h3h3Productions à ¯Ã‚ Ã¢â‚¬ ºOnlineà ¯Ã‚ Ã‚ . https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JLNSiFrS3n4 à ¯Ã‚ Ã¢â‚¬ ºAccessed 04.03.2017à ¯Ã‚ Ã‚ . Laurent, O. 2016. Haiti Earthquake Five Years Later. Time.com, 21 January 2015 à ¯Ã‚ Ã¢â‚¬ ºOnlineà ¯Ã‚ Ã‚ . Available at:   http://time.com/3662225/haiti-earthquake-five-year-after/ à ¯Ã‚ Ã¢â‚¬ ºAccessed 04.03.2017à ¯Ã‚ Ã‚ . The mind behind Tesla, SpaceX, SolarCity à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ à ¯Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ½Elon Musk TED talks. 2017. YouTube video, added by TED à ¯Ã‚ Ã¢â‚¬ ºOnlineà ¯Ã‚ Ã‚ . https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IgKWPdJWuBQ à ¯Ã‚ Ã¢â‚¬ ºAccessed 04.03.2017à ¯Ã‚ Ã‚ . SolarCity. 2017. Solar roof. à ¯Ã‚ Ã¢â‚¬ ºn.d.à ¯Ã‚ Ã‚  2017. à ¯Ã‚ Ã¢â‚¬ ºOnlineà ¯Ã‚ Ã‚ . Available at: http://www.solarcity.com/residential/solar-roof à ¯Ã‚ Ã¢â‚¬ ºAccessed 04.03.2017à ¯Ã‚ Ã‚ . The Walt Disney Company. 2017. About The Walt Disney Company, 2017. à ¯Ã‚ Ã¢â‚¬ ºOnlineà ¯Ã‚ Ã‚ . Available at: https://thewaltdisneycompany.com/about/   à ¯Ã‚ Ã¢â‚¬ ºAccessed 04.03.2017à ¯Ã‚ Ã‚ . Ramp1885.com. 2015. Protest on the Ramp: South African Designer Isabelle Lotter Joins #FeesMustFall Movement. [Online]. Available at: http://ramp1885.com/protest-on-the-ramp-south-african-designer-isabelle-lotter-joins-feesmustfall-movement/ à ¯Ã‚ Ã¢â‚¬ ºAccessed 04.03.2017à ¯Ã‚ Ã‚ . Africanews.com. 2016. South Africa: Flash floods kill six people in Johannesburg. [Online]. Available at: http://www.africanews.com/2016/11/10/south-africa-flash-floods-kill-six-people-in-johannesburg/ à ¯Ã‚ Ã¢â‚¬ ºAccessed 04.03.2017à ¯Ã‚ Ã‚ . Africanews.com. 2016. South Africa:Flash floods kill six people in Johannesburg. [Online]. Available at: http://www.africanews.com/2016/11/10/south-africa-flash-floods-kill-six-people-in-johannesburg/ à ¯Ã‚ Ã¢â‚¬ ºAccessed 04.03.2017à ¯Ã‚ Ã‚ . Independent.co.uk. 2016. Barack Obama tells Latin America: Dont assume the worst about Donald Trump. [Online]. Available at: http://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/americas/barack-obama-donald-trump-latinamerica-president-elect-dont-assume-worst-tpp-trade-a7427986.html à ¯Ã‚ Ã¢â‚¬ ºAccessed 04.03.2017à ¯Ã‚ Ã‚ . US Weekly. 2016. President Obama, Michelle Obama Welcome Donald Trump, Melania to White House, 10 November 2016 à ¯Ã‚ Ã¢â‚¬ ºOnlineà ¯Ã‚ Ã‚ . http://www.usmagazine.com/celebrity-news/news/president-obama-donald-trump-meet-at-white-house-post-election-w449671 à ¯Ã‚ Ã¢â‚¬ ºAccessed 04.03.2017à ¯Ã‚ Ã‚ . US Weekly. 2016. President Obama, Michelle Obama Welcome Donald Trump, Melania to White House, 10 November 2016 à ¯Ã‚ Ã¢â‚¬ ºOnlineà ¯Ã‚ Ã‚ . http://www.usmagazine.com/celebrity-news/news/president-obama-donald-trump-meet-at-white-house-post-election-w449671 à ¯Ã‚ Ã¢â‚¬ ºAccessed 04.03.2017à ¯Ã‚ Ã‚ . JRDIJKSTRA. 2014. Jorrit R Dijkstra. My photographs dont belong in a drawer. à ¯Ã‚ Ã¢â‚¬ ºOnlineà ¯Ã‚ Ã‚ . http://jorritdijkstra.nl/?tag=sabelo-mlangeni à ¯Ã‚ Ã¢â‚¬ ºAccessed 07.03.2017à ¯Ã‚ Ã‚ . JRDIJKSTRA. 2014. Jorrit R Dijkstra. My photographs dont belong in a drawer. à ¯Ã‚ Ã¢â‚¬ ºOnlineà ¯Ã‚ Ã‚ . http://jorritdijkstra.nl/?tag=sabelo-mlangeni à ¯Ã‚ Ã¢â‚¬ ºAccessed 07.03.2017à ¯Ã‚ Ã‚ . Dictonary.com s.a. à ¯Ã‚ Ã¢â‚¬ ºOnlineà ¯Ã‚ Ã‚ . http://www.dictionary.com/browse/xenophobia?s=t à ¯Ã‚ Ã¢â‚¬ ºAccessed 04.03.2017à ¯Ã‚ Ã‚ . District 9. 2009. Directed by Neil Blompkamp, à ¯Ã‚ Ã¢â‚¬ ºFilmà ¯Ã‚ Ã‚ . South Africa, New Zealand, United States: TriStar Pictures. Tsotsi. 2005. Directed by Gavin Hood, à ¯Ã‚ Ã¢â‚¬ ºFilmà ¯Ã‚ Ã‚ . South Africa: Ster-Kinekor Pictures and Miramax Films. My Mom Is So Cool Blue Ribbon Bread. 2015., added by Blue Ribbon Bread, 19 Feb 2014. à ¯Ã‚ Ã¢â‚¬ ºBrand videoà ¯Ã‚ Ã‚ . https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oW4WfO0LMnw à ¯Ã‚ Ã¢â‚¬ ºAccessed 07.03.2017à ¯Ã‚ Ã‚ . Vodacom Summer 2015 MyBroadband. 2016. YouTube video, added by MyBroadband à ¯Ã‚ Ã¢â‚¬ ºOnlineà ¯Ã‚ Ã‚ . https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4iBZpTdDNTs à ¯Ã‚ Ã¢â‚¬ ºAccessed 07.03.2017à ¯Ã‚ Ã‚ . Inner peace Chicken Licken Advert. 2015., Agency Net#work BBDO Johannesburg, South Africa, 5 Nov 2015.   à ¯Ã‚ Ã¢â‚¬ ºBrand videoà ¯Ã‚ Ã‚ . https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dMctGA8CzQE   à ¯Ã‚ Ã¢â‚¬ ºAccessed 07.03.2017à ¯Ã‚ Ã‚ . SABC 1. 2017. About Emzini Wezinsizwa, à ¯Ã‚ Ã¢â‚¬ ºn.dà ¯Ã‚ Ã‚  2017. à ¯Ã‚ Ã¢â‚¬ ºOnlineà ¯Ã‚ Ã‚ . http://www.sabc1.co.za/sabc/home/sabc1/schedule/details?id=63154728-3583-4156-a34b-f080985d6811title=Emzini%20Wezinsizwa à ¯Ã‚ Ã¢â‚¬ ºAccessed 07.03.2017à ¯Ã‚ Ã‚ . In the List of Figures: Figure 5: Lin, E. 2013. 7 TIPS TO TRAVEL SMART IN THE SUMMER: Summer time is here! It is the perfect time for traveling and exploring the world. Figure 6: Hutchings, M. 2015. Protest on the Ramp: South African Designer Isabelle Lotter Joins #FeesMustFall Movement. Figure 7: CityogJoburgZA, 2016. South Africa: Flash floods kill six people in Johannesburg. Figure 8: Independent.co.uk. 2016. Barack Obama tells Latin America: Dont assume the worst about Donald Trump.

The Ten Plagues of Egypt

TAKE HOME SHEET After hearing the full version of this song in class your challenge is to memorize and/or remix it!!!! First God sent, Plague number one, Turned the Nile into blood. All the people in Egypt were feeling pretty low, They told Pharaoh â€Å"Let them Go! † Then God sent, Plague number two, Jumping frogs all over you. All the people in Egypt were feeling pretty low, They told Pharaoh â€Å"Let them Go! † Then God sent, Plague number three, Swarms of gnats from head to knee. All the people in Egypt were feeling pretty low, They told Pharaoh â€Å"Let them Go! â€Å"Then God sent, Plague number four, Filthy ? ies need we say more? All the people in Egypt were feeling pretty low, They told Pharaoh â€Å"Let them Go! † Then God sent, Plague number ? ve, All the livestock up and died. All the people in Egypt were feeling pretty low, They told Pharaoh â€Å"Let them Go! † Then God sent, Plague number six, Boils and sores to make you sick. All the p eople in Egypt were feeling pretty low, They told Pharaoh â€Å"Let them Go! † Then God sent, Plague number seven, Hail and lighting down from heaven. All the people in Egypt were feeling pretty low,They told Pharaoh â€Å"Let them Go! † Then God sent, Plague number eight, Locust came and they sure ate. All the people in Egypt were feeling pretty low, They told Pharaoh â€Å"Let them Go! † Then God sent, Plague number nine, Total darkness all the time. All the people in Egypt were feeling pretty low, They told Pharaoh â€Å"Let them Go! † Then God sent, Plague number ten, Pharaoh's son died so he gave in. All the people in Egypt were feeling pretty low, Finally Pharaoh let them go. *Parents the original song is to the melody of â€Å"This Old Man†

Teamwork and Motivation - 828 Words

Using Money To Motivate Employees: Texas Roadhouse Strayer University Human Resource Management 500 Dr. Robert Waldo June 2, 2013 Using Money To Motivate Employees: Texas Roadhouse One can clearly observe and admit how in the case of Texas Roadhouse, management successfully used money to boost employee satisfaction, however money is not the only motivating factor. This discussion responds to, and questions the assumption of the following: â€Å"If we take care of our employees, they will take care of our customers.† Money is not nor cannot be the sole motivational tool to retain a quality workforce. Texas Roadhouse CEO Hart knows this which is why he coupled monetary rewards with a basic philosophy of†¦show more content†¦Add to that the global marketplace setting and economy to see that this is not an easy task for managers to pull off. In a peer-reviewed journal article by experts Aguinis, Joo, and Gottfredson entitled, â€Å"What Monetary Rewards Can And Cannot Do: How To Show Employees The Money,† a general discourse explains the pros and cons of monetary rewards while giving their be st thoughts on how to improve employee performance. Also in terms of employee rewards other related issued are discussed such as timeliness, balance of monetary and non-monetary incentives, precise measurements of performance and provision of offering guidelines for management to implement. All in all each business is individualized and should match a sensitivity to understanding employees unique expressions, feelings, and talents and reward accordingly. References Aguinis, H., Joo, H., Gottfredson, R. K. (2013, March). What monetary rewards can and cannot do: How to show employees the money. Business Horizons. pp. 241-249. doi:10.1016/j.bushor.2012.11.007 Fillion, K. (207). Bob Nelson, author of 1001 Ways To Reward Employees,† talks to Kate Fillion about why money means less at work than thanks. Macleans, 120(34), 20-21. Noe, R., Hollenbeck, J., Gerhart, B., Wright, P. (2011). Fundamentals of human resource management. New York: McGrawShow MoreRelatedteamwork and motivation Essay1313 Words   |  6 Pagesï » ¿ Teamwork and Motivation Vanita Johnson BUS 520 Dr. Kimberly Millier July 19, 2013 Assignment 3: Teamwork and Motivation Due Week 7 and worth 200 points Imagine that you are the owner of a small manufacturing company. Your company manufactures a commodity, widgets. Your widget is a clone of a nationally known widget. Your company’s widget, WooWoo, is less expensive and more readily available than the nationally known brand. 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Starbucks Corporation, the most famous chain of retail coffee shops in the world, mainly benefitsRead MoreHow Teams And Teamwork Affect Individual Satisfaction And Motivation For Individual Performance1230 Words   |  5 Pagesconcept of how teams and teamwork are used in everyone advantage, it is imperative to look at the individual characteristic first. As a manager in an organisation, manager has to know of how he or she can influence the performance of people who work for him or her. In a working situation, motivation among workers can be varied depending on their individual differences. As Furnham (2002) highlighted that researchers have been working on finding the triggers the motivation among individual differencesRead MoreOrganizational Structure Of The Business Organization1741 Words   |  7 Pagesinclude the issue of motivation, team or group work as well as the organizational structure of the business organization. The questions revolved around how he managed the issue of employee motivation, when to motivate the employees as well as the reasons behind employee motivation. In addition, the other questions covered the opinions of Jack relevant to the issue of teamwork, the benefits accrued from teamwork, conditions for success as well as trainings necessary to improve the teamwork abilities amongstRead MoreTheme Of Psychology In The Movie The Sandlot1187 Words   |  5 Pages â€Å"The Sandlot† is a classic baseball movie in which incorporates a significant amount of sport psychology. Digging deeper down into the details of the movie, you will notice various levels of motivation, leadership, goal-setting, and teamwork. All of these aspects are essential to being successful in sports, mentally and physically. â€Å"The Sandlot† is a movie about a boy, (Scottie Smalls) who is new to the town and motivated to make new friends. Smalls decided to try to make friends with a groupRead MoreEffective Implementation of Team and Group Work1487 Words   |  6 PagesTeamwork typically involves groups of interdependent employees who work co-operatively to achieve group outcomes’ (Parker and Wall 1998) Effective implementation of team and group work can substantially increase motivation and job satisfaction, however these are based on multiple factors such as group processes, the types of team and the level of authority within the group (Gladstein 1984) The definition of teamwork varies slightly to that of group work as individuals within a team are all heldRead MoreTeamwork Essay1232 Words   |  5 PagesTeamwork can be defined as the ability to work cooperatively with others and work together as opposed to separately or competitively to achieve a common goal. Teamwork is used in all aspects of life. Analyze any situation or task involving more than one person: in almost all cases, the outcome can only   be positive if a sufficient amount of teamwork is used. For example, a marriage will only work if both   partners put in the effort. A sports team will not be successful unless the team works togetherRead MoreChanges of Police Culture1411 Words   |  6 Pagesestablished sense of urgency which has the potential to jeopardize the future of the organization. Secondly is, not creating a powerful enough guiding coalition which means there is a lack of communication which resulted in an absence of leadership and teamwork from frontline staff to national headquarters. Finally, an undercommunicating the vision by a factor of ten that organisation leader needs to communicate visions and strategies. These three errors are relevant as they are pivotal in the implementation

Analysis of Where the Wild Things Are Essay - 1494 Words

Where the Wild Things Are, a children’s book written by Maurice Sendak, is not only directed to young children, but has an underlying message that is intended for older generations to receive. This message, only used to enhance the meaning of the story, describes the addiction for one to have power and be in control. As the story goes on, the realization sets in that maybe the desire for power is not the best, at all times. The use of oppression becomes evident in this story, through Max, the main character, as he strives to control everything around him. Maurice Sendak uses repetition and parallelism in the imagery and text of Where the Wild Things Are to show Max’s progression to assume power and eventually discard it. In the very†¦show more content†¦As Max begins to lose control of his behavior and imagination, these white frames become smaller and smaller. Once Max’s imagination has taken him to Where the Wild Things Are, the white borders are compl etely gone and Max’s room has made a full transformation. Max has finally left reality, in search of a land to rule and call his own. As the story goes on, Max continues to exercise power through his imagination. He has completely left the realm of reality in search of a place to control. Once Max’s room first changes, due to his imagination, his own personal boat arrives to take him away. The rest of his room becomes a wild jungle, where the wild things live. These large creatures, known as the wild things, inhabit Max’s room and soon become the perfect subjects for Max to take control of. First, Max has little interaction with the wild things, but soon, he takes full control. Max yells at the wild things, ordering them to do what he pleases. This shows that Max is displacing the anger he feels at his mother for yelling at him, onto the wild things. Max then begins â€Å"the wild rumpus,† an act in which all of the wild things and Max partake in. All of the creatures and Max are simply playing around in an unmannered form, causing trouble. This trouble continues due to the lack of adult guidance and the abundance of free imagination. While the rumpus is taking place, again the illustrations change to fit the scenes. Since Max has become the leader, andShow MoreRelatedAnalysis Of Where The Wild Things Are Essay982 Words   |  4 PagesLeaders The word character naturally conjures up an array of specific attributes distinctive of an individual or environment. Our earliest experiences with character likely stem from being read classic children’s books, like Maurice Sendak’s, â€Å"Where The Wild Things Are,† or Dr. Seuss’s, â€Å"Green Eggs and Ham,† which portray distinct personality traits within the main character and demonstrate evolution of self as the character acquires knowledge from his or her life experience. Like the characters withinRead MoreAnalysis Of The Book Where The Wild Things Are 919 Words   |  4 PagesMany dictionaries define animals as living things other than human beings or plants. However, in some dictionaries, there is another definition for animal, which shows how they distinguish animal and human: a live thing which behaves in a wild, aggressive, or unpleasant way. In Maurice Sendak’s Where the Wild Things Are, the behavior of Max, the protagonist of the story, challenges the boundary line between the animal and human. The way human and animal live their life and convey their love severalizesRead MoreAnalysis of a Picture Book--Where the Wild Things Are Essay1307 Words   |  6 PagesANALYSIS OF A PICTURE BOOK WHERE THE WILD THINGS ARE Written and Illustrated by Maurice Sendak Picture books can have a very important role in a classroom, from elementary school through middle and even high school. They offer a valuable literary experience by combining the visual and the text. Maurice Sendak’s Caldecott Award winning book, Where the Wild Things Are, is a wonderful blend of detailed illustrations and text in which a young boy, Max, lets his angry emotions create a fantasyRead MoreLiterary Analysis Of Jack Londons The Call Of The Wild707 Words   |  3 PagesThe Call of the Wild Literary Analysis Have Have you ever read The Call of the Wild? The Call of the Wild by Jack London it is a story about a dog name Buck that transformation from a pampered pet to a fierce,masterful wild,animal, and this transformation naturally means that the canine protagonist gradually separates himself from his human masters on his way to achieving a final independence. Nevertheless, The Call of the Wild ultimately offers an ambiguous,rather than negative, portrait of Buck’sRead MoreExistentialism : Wild ( 2014 ) And Into The Wild1739 Words   |  7 Pages Existentialism: Wild(2014) and Into the Wild(2007) For this paper, both movies used to explain Existentialism are adapted from real stories. The first film is Wild, starring Reese Witherspoon as Cheryl Strayed and the second is Into the Wild, starring Emile Hirsch as Christopher McCandless. In Sartre’s definition of existentialism, human existence precedes essence, therefore leading to meaning, purpose and identity. When Chris and Cheryl leave their family, friends and everything else they knowRead MoreEssay about Wild Geese by Oliver1304 Words   |  6 Pagesâ€Å"Wild Geese† is very different from many poems written. Oliver’s personal life, the free form of the poem along with the first line, â€Å"You do not have to be good,† and the imagery of nature contributes to Oliver’s intent to convince the audience that to be part of the world, a person does not need to aspire to civilization’s standards. Oliver would write this poem because she did not conform to societies wishes. According to the Poetry Foundation, Oliver has never actually received a degree despiteRead MoreThe Tale of Bigfoot1634 Words   |  6 PagesThe tale of Bigfoot or Sasquatch traces its origins back to the Native American tribes of the Northwestern part of the United States and Canada. The natives told this tale of a group of giant hairy wild ape-man like people that protect the forests to give reason for respecting nature and preserve order. Bigfoot sightings have spread throughout the United States and the world. Our fascination with this creature have spiraled into almost mass hysteria among people to find and prove this creature isRead More Analysis of William Butler Yeats Poems Essay1361 Words   |  6 PagesAnalysis of William Butler Yeats Poems; When You Are Old, The Lake Isle of Innisfree, The Wild Swans at Coole, The Second Coming and Sailing to Byzantium In many poems, short stories, plays, television shows and novels an author usually deals with a main idea in each of their works. A main reason they do this is due to the fact that they either have a strong belief in that very idea or it somehow correlates to an important piece of their life overall. For example the author ThomasRead MoreThe Potential of Transgenic Organism889 Words   |  4 Pagesnot functional. The embryonic stem cells mix with the altered gene, which substitute for the already functional copy (Wiki). The stem cells are injected into blastocysts, which are implanted into the substitute mother. Gene knockout allows for the analysis of defects caused by the mutation (Wiki). Gain of function experiments are sometimes performed in relation with knockout experiments to better ground the function of the specific gene. The process is similar as in knockout experiments, except thatRead MoreEssay On Chris Mccandless1092 Words   |  5 PagesChris McCandless, the subject of Jon Krakauersâ€Å"Into The Wild,† whose off-the-grid Alaskan adventure ended in starvation is a hero and an idealist whose sense of independence and adventure inspires us to reach for our dreams. McCandless was a courageous man. He wanted to live a life that was completely different than the one his parents lead. And wanted to submerge himself in the world that we live in and be sequestered from people who take it for granted. However, most students see McCandless as

The Lewis s The Four Loves Essay - 1605 Words

Many cruel actions in the world have been carried out in the name of love. Because of that, it s clear to see how not all forms of love are pure. The nature of love is a prominent theme in Till We Have Faces. All of the relationships in this book are unique -- there are no two alike. In every relationship, there is a love factor. Unfortunately, in English, there are no words to distinguish different types of the love being felt. A person can love creatures, reading, and family members, but those are all entirely separate interpretations of the word â€Å"love.† In the book, The Four Loves, Lewis dissects the different forms of love. There are many connections to be made between characters throughout Till We Have Faces and the four different types of love: Storge, Philia, Eros, and Agape. Each of the four loves plays a part in the plot of the story. The first of these loves is storge. Storge, Greek for affection, is the love in which physical features do not have importance. An example would be a love for a family member or close friend (Four Loves 31-32). In Till We Have Faces, Orual -- the narrator and heroine of the novel -- receives love from her younger sister, Psyche. The Fox, a Greek slave and father figure, also loves Orual even though she â€Å"frightens† people with her face (26). The Fox, Orual, and Psyche have a special bond. Psyche and Orual look at the Fox as a father figure because he acts as a â€Å"true grandfather† towards them (21). Storge is found between the threeShow MoreRelatedThe Lewis s The Four Loves Essay1583 Words   |  7 Pagesof love. Because of that, it s clear to see how not all forms of love are pure. The nature of love is a prominent theme in Till We Have Faces. All of the relationships in this book are unique -- there are no two alike. In every relationship, there is a love fac tor. Unfortunately, in English, there are no words to distinguish different types of the love being felt. A person can love creatures, reading, and family members, but those are all entirely separate interpretations of the word â€Å"love.† InRead MoreEssay about The Screwtape Letters - Types of Love1321 Words   |  6 PagesUniversity, C.S. Lewis went from being an atheist to a renowned Christian. Lewis touched a vast audience with his numerous books (around thirty or more) including The Screwtape Letters, Mere Christianity, and The Four Loves. He brought fantasy and entertainment into his writing along with slight to thunderous bits of theology woven through his stories and books. This made Lewis one of the most influential Christian writers of the 20th century. One of the better known books from C.S. Lewis is The ScrewtapeRead MoreAnalysis Of The Poem The Tales Of The English Children 1335 Words   |  6 PagesC.S. Lewis survives in the lives of many and continues to live on through his brilliant and artful use of language in his books. An adventurer at heart Lewis loved to create tales to entertain and inspire others. Adam Gopnik expresses, â€Å"The tales of the English children who cross over, through a wardrobe, into a land where animals speak and lions rule, which Lewis began in the late nineteen-forties, are classics in the only sense that matters—books that are read a full generation after their authorRead MoreWe Have No Right For Happiness1167 Words   |  5 PagesNo Right To Happiness In C.S Lewis essay, â€Å" We Have No Right To Happiness, he argues that we the people within the world don’t have the right to happiness. In my right being who can accuse such a thing. Everyone has the right to be happy in my opinion. Perhaps look for instance even our Declaration of Independence says â€Å" We have the right to pursue happiness.† I find it somewhat fascinated and yet nothing has changed in our culture since such as author C.S Lewis has wrote this short essay. I trulyRead More Mere Christianity by C.S. Lewis Essay1093 Words   |  5 PagesChristianity by C.S. Lewis Mere Christianity, by C. S. Lewis, is written as set of guidelines of Christian belief. Lewis does not say there is any particular way to believe but he does make a point that the topic of religion itself is serious. As you consider whether you want to believe or not, you have to recognize how much thought it requires, and how thought provoking a process this decision is. Lewis covers Christianity in four different books within his book. In book one, Lewis discusses theRead MoreComparison Of CS Lewiss Works and JK Rowlings Works1104 Words   |  5 Pages The work of C.S. Lewis and J.K. Rowling is of grave vital on the grounds that their work portrays actuality as well as adds to it. Yes, their work is not just a portrayal of actuality; it is somewhat a quality expansion. Their meeting expectations are depictions of the reasoning examples and social standards pervasive commonly. They are a delineation of the diverse features of regular mans existence. Their works serves a s a something worth mulling over and a tonic for creative energyRead MoreAnalysis On Being Human Essay942 Words   |  4 Pagesï » ¿Poetry analysis: On Being Human, by C. S. Lewis C.S. Lewis gets straight to the point in his first lines, particularly with the first two words angelic minds. Readers will discern immediately that Lewis is going to discuss the concept of experience from the viewpoint of supernatural non-human beings such as angels. Readers may also guess, by comparing this idea to the poems title On Being Human, that he intends to go on to compare this idea with our experience of the world from the impliedRead MoreAnalysis Of The Book The Chronicles Of Narnia 1576 Words   |  7 PagesClive Staples Lewis, although his name avowed around the world, his literary works are exceedingly identifiable to the common household. There are few children who have yet to experience the mystical land in â€Å"The Chronicles of Narnia† and numerous scholars who have dissected the â€Å"Studies in Medieval and Renaissance Literature†. Having written over thirty published works by his death in 1963, Lewis has explored close to every genre of litera ture. (CSLEWIS.COM) Referred to as one of the intellectualRead MoreAnalysis Of March By John Lewis861 Words   |  4 PagesJohn Lewis has never let his 40+ arrest affect what he stands for. In Lewis’ book March, he tells his story of segregation in the 60’s and the events that shaped his life. From when he was a little kid, to an older adult, March displays Lewis deal with the segregation in the south, and the hardships others endure. Although he experienced many events in his life, John Lewis used those events to build himself religiously and help others. Receiving his first bible, Jim Lawson’s workshops, his decisionRead MoreSurprised By Joy By Lewis And Confessions1411 Words   |  6 PagesSurprised by Joy by Lewis and Confessions by Augustine are not two works that are often analyzed side by side although they are both autobiographical and written by men greatly influential to the Christian faith. Since Confessions contains many different elements which A ugustine explores to better understand the nature of God, this paper will focus on Augustine’s section â€Å"Happiness (Beatta Vita)† as compared and contrasted with Lewis’ chapters â€Å"Checkmate† and â€Å"Beginning†. A preliminary glance of

Family Law Reflecting Moral and Ethical Issues Free Essays

The legal system continuously endeavours and reforms to provide effective legislative remedies and modify existing legislation to reflect the changing nature of the Australian family structure. Family law has always been a colossal aspect of Australian society with many effective measures in place for family matters. Numerous values and their effectiveness have been debated through various features of family law, and these debates continue to the present day. We will write a custom essay sample on Family Law Reflecting Moral and Ethical Issues or any similar topic only for you Order Now Divorce is the legal dissolution of a marriage by an official court decision and was once frowned upon within society, and prior to 1974, married couples who wished to divorce had to apply under the Matrimonial Causes Act 1959 (Cth) on the ground of â€Å"fault† – that is, on the basis that one or both spouses admitted to acting in a way that undermined their marriage (for example, adultery, cruelty, insanity and desertion). However, the first major change to family law in Australia occurred when the law took reform in this aspect with the Family Law Act 1975 (Cth), which states that the only ground for divorce is the â€Å"irretrievable breakdown of the marriage†, such as the case in the marriage of Todd (1976), one or two of the spouses must consent for divorce. The declining influence of religion and the idea that marriage does not always â€Å"last for life† were social factors that influenced this change. The erosion of the concept of fault and the establishment of a single ground for divorce thus demonstrates changing societal values and how law is changed over time. Australian society believes that it is important to protect the disadvantaged, or those who cannot act to preserve their own rights – particularly children. After a marriage has been dissolved, it is the responsibility of both parents to provide financial support for their children as the case of Campbell and Campbell (1998) established that it is in the best interests of the child to maintain the lifestyle to which they have grown accustomed. The Australian Bureau of Statistics Marriages and Divorces 2011 Media release indicates there are 44,000 children under 18 affected by divorce. As such, the Child Support (Assessment) Act 1989 (Cth) requires that children receive a proper level of financial support from their parents and the Child Support (Registration and Collection) Act 1988 (Cth) ensures that periodic amounts payable by parents towards the maintenance of their children are paid on a regular and timely basis. Prior to the Acts, only 40% of claims for child maintenance were being met, whereas after the Acts were passed, approximately 70% of claims are being met. The new emphasis on children’s rights and parental responsibility reflects the social perception that children are vulnerable members of our society and thus require greater legal protection. Another important change in social attitudes has been the increasing acceptance of same-sex relationships, and recent law reforms have centred on providing same-sex couples with the same rights as de facto heterosexual relationships, and removing discrimination based on sexuality. At the State level, the De Facto Relationships Act 1984 (NSW) was amended to the Property (Relationships) Act 1984 (NSW), for the growing acceptance of heterosexual and homosexual relationships highlighted by news article ‘Partners who just can’t wait (2010)‘ which states the growth in unmarried couples living together. It now recognises same-sex relationships as having the same legal standing as heterosexual de facto relationships, and thus provides protection to people in same-sex de facto relationships in property division, inheritance and decision-making in illness and after death. The Miscellaneous Acts Amendment (Same Sex Relationships) Bill 2008 (NSW) creates amendments to 57 pieces of state legislation to ensure de facto couples (including same-sex couples) are treated equally with married couples. This Act also creates amendments to the Anti-discrimination Act 1977 (NSW) to ensure that same-sex couples are protected from discrimination on the basis of their â€Å"marital or domestic status† in employment, accommodation and access to goods and services, articulated in the Daily Telegraph ‘Gay couple win foster care case (2008)’, after a gay couple won $10,000 in damages when their application to become foster carers was refused. However in terms of federal laws at present, same-sex couples are unable to marry. The Marriage Act 1961 (Cth) defines marriage as â€Å"the union of a man and a woman to the exclusion of all others voluntarily entered into for life†, a definition established by the case of Hyde v Hyde and Woodmansee (1866) and repeated in the Family Law Act 1975 (Cth). In 2004, the Commonwealth Government reconfirmed the traditional concept of marriage as the â€Å"union of a man and a woman† when it passed the Marriage Amendment Act 2004 (Cth) meaning same-sex marriage is automatically void in Australia, ncluding overseas marriages. Over time, both State and federal governments in Australia have enacted legislation to encourage and enforce practices which are not only in the public interest, but also reflect the moral and ethical standards of society. While legislative mechanisms have been reasonably successful in achieving this goal with regard to the introduction of â€Å"no-fault† divorce and the protection of children, there is the need for further review and reform of legislation concerning same-sex couples. How to cite Family Law Reflecting Moral and Ethical Issues, Essays

Contemporary Issues in Management and Organisational Behaviour

Questions: Task 1: Briefly explain: manager, management and organisation. Assess the significance of managers in achieving organisational success for a company of your own choice. Task2: Analyse how size and strategy of a company can affect its organisational structure? Support your answer with relevant examples. Task3: a) Discuss Tescos current mission, vision and corporate strategy. b) Suggest and explain the process that can help Tesco to formulate its corporate strategy for the year 2015. c) What do you understand by the term organisational culture? Can Tesco improve its performance by changing its culture? Discuss. Answers: Introduction Management principles are referred to as guidelines for managers based on which they take their decisions and plan their actions (Plunkett, et al., 2012). Management principles are derived from analysis and observation of events happening in real life situations within organisations. This report studies different aspects of management principles in relation to Tesco. Task 1: Definition: Manager, Management and Organisation; Role played by Managers in achieving desired goals Manager is an individual who pans, directs and controls the work to be performed by others and is also responsible for the outcome (Hellriegel John W. Slocum, 2011). It is managers responsibility to ensure order and consistency is maintained in the work of their employees. The key functions in a managers role within an organisation is defined by three key words namely; authority wherein they are empowered to take decisions for their employees, responsibility for ensuring targets are achieved and accountability for accepting both success and failures. Management refers to the process of organising and coordinating various activities of a business in order to ensure desired objectives are achieved (Ng, 2011). It comprises of activities of planning, organising, directing, and controlling employees in order to achive specified goals. Management is task-oriented and view employees as machines that are used for performing tasks. It helps in creating a disciplined work culture where efficiency and productivity are measures that indicate high performance. Organisation refers to a social unit of individuals who are structured and managed in a manner that help achieving common goals (Fox, 2007). Organisations have a well-defined management structure that creates a relationship between members and activities by subdividing roles and responsibilities among members based on their skills and expertise. Organisations perform like open systems which have certain effects on environment and are greatly affected by their environment. Managers play a very vital role in achieving desired organisations goals at Tesco. Managers at Tesco are responsible for ensuring sales targets are meet (Pattanayak, 2005). They define goals and objectives for the team and plans the way work should be carried on in order to achieve specified goals. Mangers are help organising tasks among team members, the work id divided into manageable activities and assigned to team members based on their capabilities. This help ensuring tasks will be completed within specified time frame. Managers at Tesco ensures that the team members are motivated enough to deliver their best performance (Adair, 2009). Through their effective communication they ensure that employees are well informed of their duties and associated rewards and recognitions. Managers are responsible for identify employee needs and ensuring there are satisfied in order to enhance job satisfaction and commitment. Managers at Tesco help ensuring that individual goals are aligned with organisational goals and employees are provided with ample opportunities to realise their full potential (Miner, 2005). Managers are also responsible for evaluation of team performance based on which improvements are planned continuously. Managers at Tesco work towards the development of customer-oriented work culture that help achieving desired goals. Task 2: Effect of size and strategy of organisation on its organisational structure Organisational structure refers to the structural framework that defines hierarchical levels within an organisation (Chambley, 2013). It helps defining the ways in which activities such as supervision, task allocation and coordination are carried out within organisations and enable them achieve desired goals and objectives. It can also be defined as architecture of leadership, business competence, functional relationships, talent and management (Filte Ireland , 2013). In order to determine the affect of size and strategy of an organisation on its organistaional structure it is important to get a brief understanding of different types of organisational structures. There are six types of organizational structures namely; Divisional structure wherein organisations are divided into divisions mostly based on geographical locations, products, functionality and strategies, Functional Structure wherein employees are assigned to different functional areas depending on their expertise, Geograp hical structure where groups are founded on the basis of geographical locations, Horizontal Structure wherein people working on similar projects are grouped together, Hybrid Structure which display characteristics of all structure taking advantage of their strengths and avoiding weaknesses and Matrix Structure wherein employees assigned to two reporting heads (Baligh, 2006). The choice of a specific organisational structure is affected by a number of factors however; organisational size, strategy, life cycle, technology and environment are the five most common factors that have comparatively greater impact (Kortmann, 2012). Size of an organisation greatly affects the choice of its organisational structure, greater the size greater is the complexity involved thus higher is the need for a well defined organizational structures. Small organisational like localised retail shops, restaurants, real-estate firms do not involve too many employees and its operations are simple thus they can do with a simple organizational structure and at times even do not need to define a structure (Mullins, 2011). They involve few tasks and roles thus are performed by employees based on their capabilities instead of following an organisational chart. The case however is different in case of large organisations which are spread across various geographical locations and have comp lex operations, for example Apple, Samsung, Toyota, Starbucks etc (Murray, et al., 2006). These organisations need well-defined organizational structure in order to define authorities and work allotments. These organisations will not be able to manage their business process and achieve desired goals without a well-defined organisational structure. Organisations may either choose to adopt a differentiation strategy or a cost-leadership strategy to position their products in market. The structure of the organisation must fit its strategy thus an organisation that aims for differentiation will choose a flexible organizational structure while an organisation that aims for greater efficiency and productivity while opt for a mechanistic organizational structure (Myers, 2009). Task 3 a): Tescos mission, vision and corporate strategy. Founded by Jack Cohen in year 1919, Tesco is a British multinational grocery and general merchandise retailer(Tesco PLC, 2015). Tesco has been raked as worlds third largest retailer in terms of profit and second largest retailer in terms of revenues. Tesco has its presence in 12 countries however 60% of its business is generated from UK. In UK Tesco is recognised as the grocery market leader. Tescos Mission: Mission statement of organisations states its general purpose (Hellriegel John W. Slocum, 2011). Tescos mission statement states we make what matters better, together (Tesco PLC, 2015). Tescos Vision: Vision of an organisation defines its long-term goals (Filte Ireland , 2013). Tescos vision is to be recognised as the most highly values business by its customers, by communities they operate in, by their valued, loyal and committed employees and by their stakeholders (Tesco PLC, 2015). Tescos Corporate Strategy: Once the vision and mission of an organisation is defined it develops strategies that can help achieving them. Tesco believes that their core values are means by which their can achieve their purpose of existence. Tescos core values are; Ensuring that no one tries harder for customers; Ensure they treat everyone in a manner they would like themselves to be treated and Using their scale for good (Tesco PLC, 2015). At Tesco core values are no different from their corporate strategies. b) Processes that can help Tesco in formulating its corporate strategy for year 2015 In order to meet the changing demands of todays dynamic marketplace and retaining their competitive advantage against competitors Tesco will have to formulate new corporate strategy for year 2015. Strategies refer to the actions that an organisation under takes in order to achieve their short term and long term goals and objectives (Filte Ireland , 2013). In order to develop effective corporate strategies Tesco will have to use strategy formulation processes which require a series of six steps to be performed in a sequential manner. Defining organizational objectives: It is essential to identify and define realistic and achievable goals for the organisation that align with their vision (Filte Ireland , 2013). Environmental assessment: Tesco will have to perform a situation analysis, competitor analysis and self evaluation in relation to both internal and external factors at both macro-environmental and micro-environmental level (Filte Ireland , 2013). A number of business management tools are available that help organisations in evaluating their external and internal environments such as; SWOT analysis, PESTLE analysis, Porters five forces model of competitive analysis. Force field analysis and Variant analysis etc. Defining quantitative targets: Tesco will have to define measurable targets for some of their objectives in order to facilitate evaluation in further steps (Filte Ireland , 2013). Strategic planning for sub units: Depending upon the contribution realised from each department and sub units within the organisation Tesco will have to develop strategic plan for different sub-units (Filte Ireland , 2013). Performance Analysis: This step in strategy formulation process help identifying the gap between existing performance and desired performance. This helps in planning continuous improvements in strategies (Filte Ireland , 2013). Choice of Strategy: After completing all the above steps involved in strategic planning process, based on outcome of each step Tesco will be able to formulate new corporate strategy for year 2015 (Filte Ireland , 2013). Tesco will have to indulge in extensive market research and analysiss in order to identify factors that can help them take advantage of opportunities presented by marketplace as well as create a competitive advantage that cannot be imitated by competitors. Tesco can take steps to implement total quality management, Lean and Six sigma processes that can help eliminating waste processes and planning continuous improvement thus reducing operations cost as a result of which Tesco will be able provide cost advantage to its customers while ensuring high product and service quality. c) Organisational culture and how it can help improving Tescos performance Organisational culture help defining the behaviour of individuals in an organisation and perceptions individuals attach to these behaviours (Hellriegel John W. Slocum, 2011). It represents the shared values, beliefs, attitudes, customs, and rules of the organisation that lead to the creation of a unique psychological and social environment within workplace. Organisational culture defines the way organisations treat their employees, customers, community and related partners. Organisational culture plays a very vital role in determining the overall performance of the organisations (Mullins, 2011). Changing Tescos organisational culture will surely help Tesco in increasing its performance as it will helping making it a better place to work where employees are treated with respect and integrity and are encourages to openly share their views. Knowledge sharing culture that encourage employees to realise their full potential helps enhancing employee motivation which inspire them to delive r high performance and commitment towards the organisation and customers. Conclusion Management principles are the drivers of organizational success. They not only help organisations in effectively carrying out their day to day operations but in carrying out them in a way that maximum benefits are achieved. They help organisations in enhancing their overall effectiveness and efficiency and also in creating and retaining competitive advantage against competitors. 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